Lessons 🐩

Lesson 1
Learning color mixing - basic colors

In color mixing, the most important rule is that there are three primary colors that can not be obtained by mixing with other colors. These three colors are: Red, Blue and Yellow.

What do we get after mixing the primary colors?

If two basic colors are mixed, secondary, derivative, secondary colors will be created.
Blending blue and red creates a violet color;
Red and yellow - orange;
Yellow and blue mixed together, will give a shade of green.

The exact color of the derivative depends on the color of the red or blue color and how it is mixed. If we mix three primary colors together, we get a tertiary color.

Tertiary colors are a combination of primary and secondary colors. It's differently pure colors, that is a set of three primary colors and three derivatives

There are six tertiary colors:
Red - orange,
Yellow - orange,
Yellow - green, 
Blue-green,
Blue - violet
Red - violet.

The simple way to remember these names is to put the base name in front of another color.

Thus, the tertiary color, which is called "blue-green", is formed when the primary blue color is mixed with the green secondary color. Tertiary colors are a combination of primary and secondary colors.
Color white and black

Black and white colors also can not be created by mixing other colors together, but as they are not used to obtain new colors, they have been excluded from color mixing theory. If we add white to some color we will brighten it, and when we add black we can darken it (although some painters do not use black at all - about this in the next lesson).

 Lesson 2

 Warm colors and cold colors 

Each of us, certainly not once met such concepts as warm colors and cold colors. But what does that really mean? Understanding these terms will help you determine what to look for when choosing the colors you will use when painting your image, but also help you make color choices in your everyday life, such as interior design.As a beginner painter, you should already know that every color has a certain quality, something we call warm or cool. Choosing the right shades and tones is an important element in color mixing theory. Depending on the color scheme chosen, we can create a variety of moods in each room. Skilfully changing the colors, the interior can be decorated in modern or traditional style as well as make it vibrant and energetic or peaceful and relaxing.There are two groups of colors. The basic colors red and yellow are considered warm colors, while blue colors are cold. But if you compare different reds and yellows and blues, you will see that there are warm and cool versions of each of these colors (relative to oneself). For example, the red scarlet is definitely warmer than the carmine blue (although the carmine blue will always be warmer than the azure). 

Warm colors
  
Warm colors are made of red, yellow, orange and combinations of all. As the name implies, being in touch with these colors tends to direct our thoughts and feelings towards the sun and warmth. Warm colors are often used to decorate large rooms, as they make the room feel cozy. If you have a huge bedroom and you want it to look more intimate, you should use colors such as terracotta or brown to make the room more profound. Warm colors stimulate, as opposed to the cold, whose task is to calm and soothe.In painting warm colors we use the same way. When we want to visualize the landscape at sunset or city on a hot day, we should definitely use a combination of this color range. This is differently the range of colors from purple to yellow, giving the impression of warmth and perceived in images as characteristic of closer plans.

Cold colors
 
Cool colors such as blue, green and bright violet are cold colors. They bother our senses and make them calm. Just as the warm colors remind us of the warmth of the fire and the sunny days, the cool colors bring to mind the sky, the water and the cold. In contrast to warm colors, the cool colors move away from each other, making them ideal for small spaces whose space we want to enlarge. If you have a small bedroom or living room that you want to visually enlarge, try painting it with a color such as light blue and they will look more spacious.

In painting, cold colors range from violet to green, giving the impression of cold and perceived as the color of the further plan. So if we want to paint steep mountain peaks appearing in the distance of our landscape, we will definitely use shades of blue. Also, when we want to visualize a shadow that falls on snow, we will also use the blue color.

What else should we know about warm and cold colors?
It is important to understand that individual colors tend to be cool or warm colors. If we mix two warm colors, we get a warm secondary or tertiary color and vice versa, if we mix two cold colors at the same time, we get a new cold color. The color that develops depends on the proportion of each ingredient we add, as well as their shades.
The details painted in warm colors like red, yellow, and orange send out rays with a wavelength longer than the cold hues such as violet, blue and green. When looking at the average distance, they appear closer and larger because their image falls behind the retina; With cold colors going the other way round. This rule is current in daylight; At dusk the cold colors are getting closer, and the warmers are getting away. Conscious use of contrasting colors of warm and cold appeared only in the nineteenth century. During the reproduction of lights and shadows, the first were painted mostly in warm colors, the latter in the cold.